Lost Subs - USS Gudgeon (SS-211)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Compiled July 2, 2008, by David Barth.
USS Gudgeon (SS-211), a Tambor-class submarine, was the first ship of the United States Navy to be named for the
gudgeon. Her keel was laid down by the Mare Island Navy Yard. She was launched on 25 January 1941, sponsored by Mrs.
William S. Pye, and commissioned on 21 April 1941 with Lieutenant Commander Elton W. "Joe" Grenfell in
command.
After shakedown along the California coast, Gudgeon sailed north on 28 August, heading for Alaska via Seattle,
Washington. On her northern jaunt the new submarine inspected Sitka, Kodiak, and Dutch Harbor for suitability as
naval bases. Continuing to Hawaii, she moored at the Pearl Harbor submarine base 10 October. Training exercises and
local operations filled Gudgeon's time for the next two months. During the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor on 7
December she was at Lahaina Roads on special exercises, but returned to base immediately.
First Patrol
On 11 December Gudgeon sailed from Pearl Harbor on the first American submarine offensive patrol of World War II.
When she returned some 51 days later, Gudgeon had contributed two more impressive "firsts" to the Pacific submarine
fleet. She was the first American submarine to patrol along the Japanese coast itself, as her area took her off Kyushu
in the home islands. And on 27 January 1942 Gudgeon became the first United States Navy submarine to sink an enemy
warship in World War II, Japanese submarine I-73[1]. The Japanese submarine had just returned from a patrol which
took her well into American water off the coast of California and Washington.
Second Patrol
On her second war patrol, 22 February to 15 April 1942 Gudgeon scored two kills, first sinking an unknown freighter
maru on 26 March and then dispatching the 6526-ton Nissho Maru on 27 March in the East China Sea southeast of Kumun
Island. She then checked into dry-dock for overhaul, but undocked three weeks early and readied for sea in a remarkable
40 hours to participate in the momentous Battle of Midway.
Third Patrol
Departing Pearl Harbor on 18 May, Gudgeon took station off
Midway Island as part of the submarine screen which encircled the two giant fleets clashing there. Although she had a
ringside seat for the action, which saw Japan handed its first naval defeat in 350 years, Gudgeon was prevented from
offensive action by the confusion of battle and the possibility of mistaken identity. She returned to Pearl Harbor on
14 June.
Fourth Patrol
Departing for her fourth patrol 11 July, Gudgeon sank the 4853-ton transport Naniwa Maru in a night submerged attack
off Truk on 3 August, her only kill of the patrol. In her other attack of the fourth patrol USS Gudgeon carried out
an aggressive attack on a four-ship convoy 17 August, torpedoing and damaging the Japanese tankers Shinkoku Maru
(10020 BRT) and Nichiei Maru (10020 BRT) northwest of Truk before the patrol ended at Fremantle, Australia, on 2
September.
Fifth Patrol
Now a part of the Southwestern Pacific submarine forces, Gudgeon sank the 6783-ton Choko Maru west-northwest of
Rabaul on 21 October during her fifth war patrol, 8 October to 1 December, and carried out a daring attack on a
seven ship convoy on 11 November, torpedoing several ships but sinking none.
Sixth Patrol
The submarine's sixth war patrol, from 27 December 1942 to 18 February 1943, was unsuccessful terms of ships sunk,
but she carried out two special missions. On 14 January 1943 Gudgeon successfully land six men on Catmon Point,
Negros, Mindanao, Philippines, to carry out the vital guerrilla resistance movement there. Returning from her patrol
area, Gudgeon was diverted to Timor Island on 9 February, and the following day rescued 28 men-Australian, English,
Portuguese, and Filipino-for passage to Fremantle.
Seventh Patrol
Gudgeon's seventh war patrol, from 13 March into April 1943, netted her two more Japanese ships before she ran out of
torpedoes and had to return to Australia. On 22 March she sank the 5434-ton transport Meigen Maru as well as seriously
damaging two other ships in the Java Sea convoy some 30 miles north of Surabaya, Java, Netherlands East Indies. Five
days later Gudgeon took on 9987-ton tanker Toho Maru in a night surface attack in the Makassar Strait punctuated by
bursts of gunfire as the Japanese ships spotted and fired on the submarine. It took five torpedoes to sink Toko Maru,
and most of Gudgeon's crew enjoyed the rare treat of watching her slide into the depths. Another attack later the same
day damaged the 1192-ton tanker Kyoei Maru.
Eighth Patrol
On her eighth war patrol, conducted as she sailed from Australia to Pearl Harbor on 15 April to 25 May 1943, Gudgeon
chalked up three more kills. Her first came 28 April as she sank Kamakura Maru, a former ocean liner, southwest of
Naso Point, Panay, Philippines. The 17,526-ton transport was the largest Japanese transport, and one of the largest
enemy ships sunk by an American submarine. Special operations interrupted Gudgeon's patrol as she landed six trained
guerrilla fighters and three tons of equipment for the guerrilla movement on Panay on 30 April. After sinking the
500-ton trawler Naku Maru with her deck guns west of Panay 4 May, Gudgeon battle-surfaced again that same day and
left a coastal steamer burning and settling. Eight days later, 12 May, she torpedoed and sank the 5861-ton freighter
Sumatra Maru off Bulusan, Luzon, Philippines. Returning to Pearl Harbor, the veteran submarine was sent to San
Francisco, California, for badly needed overhaul, her first since commissioning two years earlier.
Ninth Patrol
A refreshed sub and crew departed Pearl Harbor for their ninth war patrol 1 September 1943 in the Mariana Islands
area. Before returning to Midway Island on 6 October with all torpedoes expended, Gudgeon had sunk the 3158-ton
Taian Maru, torpedoed and damaged the 3266-ton auxiliary gunboat Santo Maru north of Saipan, as well as seriously
damaging several other ships.
Tenth Patrol
Heading along the China coast for her tenth war patrol, form 31 October to 11 December, Gudgeon chalked up two more
marus. Early in the morning of 23 November she spotted a convoy of four ships in the East China Sea some 70 miles
north of Shusan Island and closed for attack. Gudgeon fired a spread of six torpedoes with gratifying results. The
870-ton frigate Wakamiya, hit by one torpedo, broke in two, sinking almost immediately. The two tankers in the convoy,
the 5106-ton Ichiyo Maru and the 8469-ton Goyo Maru, were also hit but managed to escape. Gudgeon closed in to finish
off the 6783-ton troop transport Nekka Maru.
Eleventh Patrol
Gudgeon's 11th war patrol saw a few successful sinkings of Japanese vessels, the first on 11 February. Before this
sinking the submarine had a spell of bad luck where, on 2 February 1944, she had sighted a damaged aircraft carrier
with two escorts. Gudgeon had closed for attack, but the escorts spotted her and attacked. A down-the-throat shot
with four torpedoes temporarily discouraged the destroyers and allowed Gudgeon to seek deep water and safety, but
when she surfaced the Japanese men-of-war were gone. Later in the same patrol Gudgeon was forced to try another
down-the-throat shot at an enemy escort, but no hits. Success came only on 11 February. This date saw her torpedoing
and sinking the already damaged (by Chinese air attack) 3091-ton merchant Satsuma Maru off Wenchow, China. On 17
February Gudgeon sank a Japanese sampam with gunfire in the East China Sea, another sampan being damaged in the
attack. She returned to Pearl Harbor on 5 March 1944.
Twelfth Patrol
Gudgeon sailed for her 12th war patrol on 4 April 1944. The submarine stopped off for fuel at Johnston Island on 7
April, and was never seen or heard from again. On 7 June 1944, Gudgeon was officially declared overdue and presumed
lost. Uboat.net claims Gudgeon was sunk 18 April 1944 at a known location by the Japanese southeast of Iwo Jima.
Some sources say the submarine was more likely to have sunk by attack near Maug Islands.
For more detailed and original information about Gudgeon's likely sinking on April 18, 1944, see "Find 'Em Chase 'Em
Sink 'Em: The Mysterious Loss of the WW II Submarine USS Gudgeon" and other "Ostlund" references below.
During her three-year career, Gudgeon scored 14 confirmed kills of a total of well over 71,372 tons sunk, placing
her 15th on the honor roll of American submarines.
For her first seven war patrols Gudgeon received the Presidential Unit Citation. She earned 11 battle stars for
World War II service.